Anomalous Northward Energy Transport due to Anthropogenic Aerosols During the 20th Century

Contrasts in the effects on climate of anthropogenic sulfate aerosols between the 20th and the 21st century

[1] In this study, we examine the time evolution of the relative contribution of sulfate aerosols and greenhouse gases to anthropogenic climate change. We use the new IPSL-CM4 coupled climate model for which the first indirect effect of sulfate aerosols has been calibrated using POLDER satellite data. For the recent historical period the sulfate aerosols play a key role on the temperature incre...

Enhanced Shortwave Cloud Radiative Forcing Due to Anthropogenic Aerosols

It has been suggested, originally by Twomey (SCEP, 1970), that anthropogenic aerosols in the troposphere can influence the microphysical properties of clouds and in turn their reflectivity (albedo), thereby exerting a radiative influence on climate. This chapter presents the theoretical basis for of this so-called indirect forcing and reviews pertinent observational evidence and climate model c...

Convergence Acceleration During the 20th Century

Fire dynamics during the 20th century

Fire dynamics during the 20th century simulated by the Community Land Model S. Kloster, N. M. Mahowald, J. T. Randerson, P. E. Thornton, F. M. Hoffman, S. Levis, P. J. Lawrence, J. J. Feddema, K. W. Oleson, and D. M. Lawrence Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA Climate and Ecosystem Pro...

Into the 20th Century

At the beginning of the 20th century descendants of the early European settlers who first colonized the coasts of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia were established throughout the region. Most all of the native people had been displaced. Cotton was king. The mature forests were being . the southern world, wavered and then toppled. Demand for the South’s cotton declined due to new competition...